CALENDERING

What is the main purpose of calendering?
1. To produce a glossy and thinner sheet
2. To produce a thinner sheet
3. To produce a glossier sheet
4. To produce a smoother sheet
The top roll on a super calender is also known as what?
1. King roll
2. Queen roll
3. Spring roll
4. Turn roll
The bottom roll on a super calender is also know as what?
1. King roll
2. Queen roll
3. Spring roll
4. Support roll
In many supercalenders, there is often a nip formed by two fibre rolls. What name is given to this nip?
1. Fly nip
2. Reversing nip
3. Soft nip
4. Twin nip
What is the purpose of the blow roll?
1. To allow conditioning of the sheet
2. To allow the use of water boxes
3. To prevent air being trapped under the sheet
4. To tension the sheet correctly
What units are usually used to express hardness of calender rolls?
1. PLI
2. Shore D
3. Shore L
4. Shore Line
Which fibre gives the hardest calender bowl?
1. Blue denim
2. Raw cotton
3. Long fibre cotton
4. Woollen paper
There are two types of brush calendering, one is area brushing, what is the other?
1. Circular brushing
2. Diameter brushing
3. Hair brushing
4. Line brushing
What is different about coating formulations that will be subject to brush calendering?
1. Aluminium oxide used as pigment
2. Chalk used as pigment
3. High levels of binder
4. High levels of pigment
What effect does brush calendering have on ink absorbency?
1. It depends on the type of binder used
2. It has no effect
3. It decreases it
4. It increases it
Which of the following four statements is true?
1. In both area and line brushing, the sheet is held rigidly
2. In both area and line brushing, the sheet is wrapped partially round the brushes
3. In area brushing the sheet is wrapped partially round the brushes but in line brushing the sheet is rigidly held
4. In line brushing the sheet is wrapped partially round the brushes but in area brushing the sheet is rigidly held
Typical brush diameters are
1. 200-300 mm
2. 300-400 mm
3. 400-500 mm
4. 500-600 mm
Hard nip calenders can be used to correct what?
1. Calliper profiles
2. Gloss levels
3. Moisture profiles
4. Mottle problems
What is the effect of adding water to the sheet at the calendering stage?
1. It prevents friction blackening of the sheet
2. It plasticises the fibres producing increased smoothness
3. It swells the fibres to increase the calliper
4. It reduces mechanical curl in the sheet
Soft nip calenders were first used in which decade?
1. The 1960’s
2. The 1970’s8
3. The 1990’s
4. The 1990’s
How can calenders produce matt surfaces?
1. Use high temperatures in the metal roll
2. Use low temperatures in the metal roll
3. Use a calender roll with a roughened surface
4. Run one calender roll in the opposite direction.
The soft compact calender is used almost exclusively on which grades?
1. Board
2. LWC
3. Magazine
4. Printings and writings

CALENDERING

Quiz